Tsakanin Boko Haram da ƴanbindiga waɗanne suka fi haɗari ga Najeriya?

Najeriya na cigaba da fuskantar matsalolin hare-hare a sanadiyar matsalar tsaro da ta yi wa ƙasar dabaibayi, musamman a yankin arewaci.

Yawanci maharan suna da alaƙa ne da ƙungiyoyi masu iƙirarin jihadi na al-Qaeda da IS sai kuma ƙungiyoyin ƴanbindiga.

Akwai ƙungiyoyin mahara guda huɗu da ke da alaƙa da al-Qaeda wato Boko Haram da JNIM da Ansaru da tsagin Boko Haman na Mahmuda.

Akwai kuma ƙungiyoyi biyu masu alaƙa da IS wato Iswap da Lakurawa.

Yawancin hare-haren da ake yi a arewa maso gabas an fi zargin Boko Haram da Iswap, sannan Ansaru da Mahmuda da Lakurawa da JNIM sun fi kai hare-hare a yankin arewa maso yamma da arewa ta tsakiya.

Sannan ƙungiyoyin ƴanbindiga sun fi ƙarfi a yankin arewa maso yamma da arewa ta tsakiya.

Akwai ƙungiyoyin mahara sama da 100 da suke aika-aikar, kamar kai hare-hare da garkuwa da mutane domin karɓar kuɗin fansa da sauransu.

Masana sun ce ƙungiyoyin suna ƙara samun ƙarfi ne saboda talauci da rashin aikin yi, sannan sun fara ne da satar shanu da ƙananan rikice-rikice, kafin ayyukansu suka ta'azzara tare da faɗaɗa.

Daga cikin abubuwan da ke ƙara rura wutar rikicin akwai bambancin fahimtar addini da saɓanin siyasa da ayyukan ƙungiyoyin jihadi da ramuwar gayya.

A watan Disamban 2025 ne gwamnatin tarayya ta ayyana masu garkuwa da mutane da ƴanbindiga a matayin ƴanta'adda.

Kafofin watsa labarai a Najeriya sun ruwaito yadda ake samun hadaƙa tsakanin ƴanbindiga da ƙungiyoyi masu iƙirarin jihadi, musamman wajen safarar makamai da taimakon juna.

A shekarar 2025 kuma an ruwaito Boko Haram ta kafa sansani ɗauke da tuta da sunan Jama'atu Ahlis Sunna Lidda'awati wal-Jihad (Jas) a ƙaramar hukumar Shirori da ke jihar Neja.

Haka kuma rahotanni na nuna cewa wannan tsagin na mayaƙan na aiki tare da ƴanbindiga wajen sayen makamai da samun sababbin mayaƙa.

Kafar Premium Times mai zaman kanta ta ruwaito a watan Yulin 2025 cewa Lakurawa na neman haɗaka da ƙasurgumin ɗanbindiga Bello Tuji.

Alƙaluma da cibiyar ACLED mai bibiyar harkokin tsaro sun nuna cewa ƴanbindiga sun kashe aƙalla fararen hula 7,835 a Najeriya a tsakanin watan Janairun 2025 zuwa ranar 16 ga watan Afrilun 2026.

Wannan adadin ya ninka adadin waɗanda mayaƙa masu iƙirarin jihadi suka kashe da kusan ninki huɗu, wato mutum 1,914 a tsakankanin lokacin.

Haka kuma wataƙila kashe-kashen sun fi yawa ne saboda hare-haren da ƴanbindiga suka kai sun haura 3,747, kusan ninki takwas ke nan a kan hare-haren da masu iƙirarin jihadi suka kai guda 470.

Haka kuma kasancewar ƴanbindigar na karɓar kuɗin fansa, wataƙila hakan ya sa suna ƙara zafafa hare-hare a ƙauyuka da wuraren ibada da makarantu.

A wani rahoto da cibiyar bincike ta SB Morgen (SBM) Intelligence ta fitar, ya ce ƴan Najeriya sun kashe aƙalla dala miliyan 1.66 wajen biyan kuɗin fansa a tsakanin watan Yulin 2024 zuwa Yunin 2025.

Ana yawan samun kashe-kashen mutane a lokutan da maharan suka kai hari domin garkuwa da mutane, amma sukan kashe waɗanda suka yi garkuwa da su ɗin idan an gaza biya kuɗin fansa, sannan suna kashe mutanen garuruwa da suka ƙi biyan su kuɗin haraji.

A yankin arewa ta tsakiya kuma akwai wuraren da maharan suke ƙaddamar da hare-hare domin tilasta wa mutane barin garuruwansu.

Alƙaluman cibiyar ta ACLED bai ƙunshi kashe-kashen da ƴan aware suka yi ba a yankin kudu maso gabas da ƴan ƙungiyoyin asiri da jami'an tsaron gwamnati a Najeriya.

A watan Janairun 2024 zuwa Maris na 2026, alƙaluman ACLED sun cewa ana samun aƙalla kisa huɗu a duk harin masu iƙirarin jihadi, inda ake samun aƙalla kisa biyu a duk harin ƴanbindiga.

A watan Mayun 2025, mahara masu iƙirarin jihadi sun kashe mutum 123 a hare-hare guda 13, wanda ke nuni da kashi 9.5 na kisa a duk hari.

Ayyukan ƴanbindiga sun fi ƙamari a yankin arewa maso yamma musamman a tsakankanin lokacin da da aka haɗa rahoton.

Sun kai hare-hare 867 a jihar Zamfara, da 862 a Katsina ai 472 a Kaduna da 455 a Sokoto, sannan suka kai hare-hare 413 a jihar Benuwei da ke arewa ta tsakiya.

Masu iƙirarin jihadi sun fi kai hare-hare a yankin arewa ta gabas, inda suka kai hare-hare 404 a jihar Borno, da 62 a Yobe da 21 a Adamawa, sai kuma hare-hare 52 da suka kai a jihar Sokoto da ke arewa maso yamma.

Tsakanin 1 ga Janairun 2025 zuwa 16 ga Afrilun 2026, ƴanbindiga sun kai hare-hare 1,145 da suka yi garkuwa da mutane a Najeriya, wanda ya nunka adadin lokutan da masu iƙirarin jihadi suka yi garkuwa da mutane da ninki 15, wato sau 79 kamar yadda ƙididdigar ACLED ta nuna.

A watan Agustan 2025, ƴanbindiga sun kai hare-haren garkuwa da mutane guda 101 a Najeriya, wanda shi ne mafi yawa a wata ɗaya. Masu iƙirarin jihadi kuma sun kai hare-haren da suka fi yawa ne a watan Janairun 2025, inda suka kai hari 16.

An alaƙanta ƴanbindigar da kashi 62.9 na garkuwa da mutane a tsakanin Janairun 2024 zuwa Maris na 2026, inda aka alaƙanta masu iƙirarin jihadi da kashi 2.6 a tsakankanin lokacin.

A watan Afrilu da Oktoban 2024, ba a samu wani harin da aka yi garkuwa da mutane da ke da alaƙa da masu iƙirarin jihadi ba.

A yawancin lokuta kafofin watsa labarai na Najeriya na cewa an kashe "mutanen da ba a san adadinsu ba" idan ƴanbindiga suka sace mutane. Idan kuma sun fitar da adadin, sukan rage daga baya, sannan kuma ana yawan samu bambancin adadin da na hukumomi.

Haka kuma da wahala mahara su fito fili su ɗauki alhakin garkuwa da mutane ko su bayyana adadin waɗanda uka sace, saboda yawanci ba su da kafofin watsa farfagandarsu.