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辨析英语中三个描述大学课程的词汇：“lecture”、“seminar” 和 “tutorial”

Episode 260826 / 26 Aug 2026

内容简介

在许多用英语授课的大学里，特别是在英国大学，课程通常会被分为 “lecture”、“seminar” 和 “tutorial” 等不同形式。对于许多学生来说，除了选择自己感兴趣的课程内容和认可的授课教师外，每门课程的授课形式是否适合自己，也是选课时需要认真考虑的因素之一。听本期节目，跟主持人步理和 Becca 一起了解英语中的 “lecture”、“seminar” 和 “tutorial” 这三种授课形式究竟有什么区别。

文字稿

（关于台词的备注: 请注意这不是广播节目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能没有体现录制、编辑过程中对节目做出的改变。）

Buli
Hi Becca, how are you?

Becca
I'm well thanks, Buli. I've been really enjoying our training over the past few weeks. It's kind of felt like being back at university.

Buli
It has felt that way! And you know what? We have a listener's question asking something just about that.

大家好，欢迎收听 BBC 英语教学的 “你问我答” 节目。最近，一位听众向我们发来了这样的问题：

Question
您好，我假期正在进行大学课程的选择。请问在大学里，“seminar”、“lecture” 还有 “tutorial” 这三种授课形式有什么区别呢？

Buli
This is a very interesting question. But, Becca, you've been talking about the training we've been having, haven't you?

Becca
To be honest, I was a little concerned about this training before we started. I was worried that it would feel like one big lecture.

Buli
Yeah, I've attended some training sessions like that, and they can be pretty boring. Luckily, the lady training us is very engaging and gets us to respond to her presentation and talk about our ideas as a group.

Becca
Exactly! She really encourages us to share our thoughts together. We've had some really great conversations about the content we make. In that way, the sessions have felt more like seminars.

Buli
Yes. We can learn from a presentation and then share our ideas. Speaking of content creation, I think I missed the session about short videos for the social media module. Could you share your notes with me?

Becca
Hmm, I could. But I think it would be better to go to our trainer and ask her yourself. She's usually around after the sessions for an hour or so. I'm sure she could give you a tutorial.

Buli
That's a good idea, I'll ask her. Thanks Becca!

你正在收听的是 BBC 英语教学制作的 “你问我答” 节目。在本期节目中，我和 Becca 正在辨析三个在大学教育中常见的课程形式 “lectures”、“seminars” 和 “tutorials”。

正如听众在问题中提到的，在大学里，特别是在英国大学里选课的时候，授课老师通常会在课程的介绍里写明授课的形式。有时，这也是学生们选择自己心仪课程的考虑因素之一。

Becca, let's talk about 'lectures' first.

Becca
Let's! I mentioned that I was a bit worried about the training sessions feeling like a lecture. A 'lecture' is usually a longer session with a professor, or lecturer, standing in front of students, sharing a presentation or giving information about the topic.

Buli
“Lecture” 指的是 “讲座”。和中文里的讲座类似，英国大学的讲座也通常由教师来主讲，基本都是和课程内容有关的 “干货”，没有太多互动性的课堂活动或者练习。

If I were a teacher in university, I would worry about my lectures being boring, because students usually have to actively listen for quite a long time and take a lot of notes.

Becca
Me too. Personally, I would much prefer to teach seminars! Seminars feel more similar to classes because the professor will teach you a little about the topic and then you have to work in pairs or groups to share your thoughts about what you've learnt.

Buli
Yes, they're much more interactive.“Seminar” 在中文里可以解释为 “讨论课，研讨班”。顾名思义，“seminar” 更加注重在课上调动学生的思考和讨论，从而加深彼此对课程内容的理解，产生新的想法。比如，教师可能会先对这节课的主题和核心知识进行简要的介绍，然后再让每位学生结合自己的阅读和了解，自由发言或者进行 “group discussion（小组讨论）”。

Becca
They're also maybe a bit more interesting for some people, as you'll learn not only what the professor is teaching, but also different perspectives from your classmates. Usually, your classmates, and yourself, would have chosen the module to study and so there's a shared interest.

Buli
Yes. The module covers a specific subject and lasts for a set period of time. 在英国大学选课时，不同的课程也会被称为 “modules”，也就是 “课程单元，课程模块”。而在一个课程中的 “一节课” 则可以被称为一个 “session”。

Now, Becca, I missed a session in the module about social media, and you recommended asking for a tutorial?

Becca
So, a tutorial is more of a one-to-one session with your professor, though it can also be done in small groups. It's more focused on deepening understanding through active discussion, reviewing assigned work, and addressing specific learning needs.

Buli
是的。“Tutorial” 指的是 “辅导课”。和主要由教师讲授的 “lecture” 以及学生参与比较多的 “seminar” 比起来，“tutorial” 更多的是一对一的答疑解惑以及教师对学生提交的作业进行详细反馈。除此之外，在学生完成毕业论文或毕业设计时，指导老师对学生进行的专门辅导也可以被称为 “tutorial”。

Becca
Because you missed the session, you have a gap in your knowledge, so I think it would be useful for you to ask for a tutorial.

Buli
Hey, that suits me! I'll ask for a tutorial to catch-up with what I missed.

Becca
Remember if you have a question that you'd like us to answer, you can email us too at: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk

Buli
你还可以通过微博向我们提问。我们的微博账号是 “BBC英语教学”。Bye!

Becca
Goodbye!

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