Menya inzego zizatanga akazi kenshi mu 2030

Nk'uko bigaragara muri Raporo y'Ihuriro ry'Ubukungu bw'Isi (WEF) y'ejo hazaza h'akazi 2025, yasohotse muri Mutarama 2025, impinduka nyinshi mu bukungu, ikoranabuhanga n'imibereho y'abaturage ziteganijwe gutuma habaho imirimo mishya igera kuri miliyoni 170 ku isi mu 2030, mu gihe imirimo imwe n'imwe isanzwe ibura.

Mu gihe tureba mu mwaka wa 2030, ihuriro ry'ubukungu bw'isi rigaragaza ko hari inzego nyinshi zitanga amahirwe meza yo kubona akazi.

Turagutumiye kuvumbura ibice icumi byitezweho kugira uruhare runini mu guhanga imirimo no kuzamura ubukungu mu myaka iri imbere.

Raporo ntabwo igaragaza urutonde na rumwe rw'inzego zitanga imirimo myinshi. Ahubwo itanga amakuru ku iterambere ry'umurimo ndetse n'isesengura rirambuye ry'inzego 22 z'ubucuruzi, bigaragaza impamvu nyamukuru zituma isoko ry'umurimo rihinduka.

Uru rutonde rukoresha aya makuru atandukanye kugira ngo rugaragaze inzego icumi zitezweho kugira imiterere ikomeye yo guhanga imirimo mu 2030.

Nk'uko iyi raporo ibivuga, hagati ya 2025 na 2030, imirimo igera kuri miliyoni 170 iteganijwe guhangwa (14% by'imirimo iriho ubu), imirimo igera kuri miliyoni 92 iteganijwe gukurwaho (8%), bigatuma inyungu y'imirimo igera kuri miliyoni 78 (+ 7% by'imirimo iriho ku isi ubu), hashingiwe ku makuru y'imirimo igera kuri miliyari 1.2.

1. Ubuhinzi n'umutungo kamere

Hamwe n'indi mirimo irenga miliyoni 35 yitezwe mu 2030, imirimo ijyanye n'ubuhinzi (abakozi bo mu mirima, abakozi bakorera k'umubyizi , n'abandi bakozi bo mu nzego) ni mirimo iza ku mwanya w'ambere mu iterambere ry'imirimo. Ibi bigaragaza ukwiyongera gukomeye mu guhanga imirimo kwagaragajwe muri ubwo bushakashatsi.

Uru rwego rumaze guha akazi abantu barenga miliyoni 200 ku isi. Biteganijwe ko iterambere ryarwo rizaterwa n'ibintu byinshi, birimo ihindagurika ry'ibidukikije, imbaraga zo guhangana n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, kongera uburyo bwo kubona ikoranabuhanga mu ikoranabuhanga, ndetse n'izamuka ry'ibiciro by'ubuzima.

2. Ibicuruzwa n'ubwikorezi

Imirimo ibiri muri uru rwego iri mu igira uruhare runini mu gutanga serivisi: abatwara imodoka (abatwara imodoka cyangwa abatwara imodoka) n'abatwara imodoka nto (abatwara imodoka, imodoka na moto).

Uru rwego rufite igipimo cyo kuvugurura abakozi cya 35% (ugereranije na 22% ku isi), kimwe mu byagaragaye muri raporo, bitewe n'iterambere ry'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki ndetse n'izamuka ry'inzobere mu gutwara imodoka zikoresha umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi n'izikoresha amashanyarazi.

3. Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru n'Itumanaho

Abakora porogaramu ni bamwe mu bakora akazi kiyongera vuba mu buryo bugereranije kandi ni bamwe mu batanga umusanzu munini mu gaciro kadasanzwe k'umurimo.

Uru rwego rufite igipimo cy'inyungu rusange cya 34% kandi rwibanda ku mirimo myinshi ishakishwa cyane mu ikoranabuhanga nkuko bigaragazwa n' inzobere mu bya Big Data, AI/machine learning, cybersecurity, IoT, DevOps.

4. Serivisi z'ubuzima n'ubuvuzi

Abaforomokazi b'inzobere bari mu myuga 15 irimo gukenerwa kandi yiyongera yinshi cyane.

Gusaza kw'abaturage mu bihugu byinshi by'ubukungu ni byo bikunze kugaragara nk'impamvu nyamukuru yo kw'iyongera kw'isoko ry'uyu murimo.

5. Uburezi n'amahugurwa

Imyuga ibiri muri uru rwego iri muri 15 ifite uruhare runini mu gutanga umusanzu wayo: abarimu bo mu mashuri makuru n'abarimu bo mu mashuri yisumbuye.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byagaragajwe ni ukwaguka kw'uburyo bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga n'ubwiyongere bw'abaturage bafite imyaka yo gukora mu turere tumwe na tumwe.

Igipimo cy'ubwiyongere bw'uyu murimo giteganijwe kuri 22% nkuko bigaragazwa n'impuzandengo rusange.

6. Ubucuruzi buto n'ubucuruzi bunini

Akazi k'umucuruzi bw'iduka kari mu mirimo ifite iterambere rikomeye.

Uru rwego rugaragaza igipimo cy'ubwiyongere bungana na 28%, kiri hejuru y'ikigereranyo, hamwe n'izamuka ry'ubumenyi bujyanye n'ubwenge bw'ubukorano (AI) n'isesengura ry'amakuru mu matsinda y'abacuruzi.

7. Inganda n'inganda zikora ibintu bitandukanye

Abakozi bakora mu gutunganya ibiribwa n'ibindi bijyanye nabyo ni bamwe mu batanga umusanzu munini.

Itsinda rinini ry'inganda (inganda zigezweho, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa n'abantu) rigaragaza iko riziyongera ku kigero kigera kuri 50% ku nganda zigezweho. Ibi bigaragaza impinduka zihuse mu ikoranabuhanga (robotike, ikoranabuhanga), ibi bikaba bizatanga akazi kenshi mu myaka iri imbere.

9. Serivisi z'imibereho myiza n'ubukungu bw'ubuvuzi

Abakozi mu bijyanye n'imibereho myiza n'abajyanama, ndetse n'abafasha mu by'ubuzima bwite, bombi bari mu mirimo 15 ifite yiyongerza. Umubare w'abaturage bakuze n'ubwiyongere bw'ibanze ku bibazo by'imibereho myiza mu kazi ni byo bifatwa nk'ibintu by'ingenzi bizatuma hiyongera imirimo muri uru rwego.